Furosemide today is the scourge of young healthy girls, perhaps overweight, sometimes not. Among themselves, doctors call such girls “furosemid girls.” The nephrologist says that doctors most often have a standard approach to the treatment of such patients: the person is hospitalized and nephrologists (specialists involved in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of kidney diseases), psychotherapists, neurologists and psychiatrists work together on his treatment. The drug cannot be stopped immediately, as withdrawal can result in acute renal failure and death.
“The main thing a nephrologist does is reduce the dose of furosemide by any means, and doctors often have to resort to tricks. The patient prepares himself psychologically - allegedly, without furosemide his kidneys will not be able to work on their own. If he is told that he will no longer receive furosemide, his psychological attitude will actually make it so that he himself will not excrete water. When the moment comes when the drug can be discontinued, it is replaced with ordinary saline solution. The patient is told later that the body has been functioning without furosemide for some time,” says Algiyan.
In addition to reducing large doses of the diuretic, it is necessary to replenish the lack of electrolytes, which the patient has carefully washed out of the body for years. Long-term use of large doses of furosemide causes loss of potassium, magnesium and calcium. When the level of potassium, which is of enormous importance in the functioning of the heart, decreases, a person experiences serious symptoms: from muscle cramps to cardiac arrhythmias, up to sudden cardiac death. Loss of calcium threatens osteoporosis: calcium is washed out and bones lose density. There is a tendency to pathological fractures, and where previously a person could get away with a bruise, he will receive a serious injury. A significant decrease in magnesium levels leads to severe psycho-emotional neurological disorders, depression and suicide.
According to Algian, today nephrologists every day deal with patients who are dependent on furosemide, sometimes in extremely serious condition. Such people are diagnosed with tubulointerstitial nephritis, caused by drug-induced kidney damage. If this disease has passed the point of no return and nephrologists can no longer do anything, the patient is diagnosed with chronic renal failure or transferred to hemodialysis (treatment using an “artificial kidney” device that performs kidney function for life). Such patients do not live long.
Nevertheless, in groups on VKontakte dedicated to weight loss, people continue to buy furosemide second-hand or exchange it for other prescription drugs. Some people even have a scheme for sending medicine abroad (for example, to Minsk), where it is impossible to get furosemide.
In the comments, community members taking diuretics communicate like family. New group members consult with experienced “furosemid girls”: “What should I do if my birthday is coming up, and I can’t fit into my favorite dress?”, “Tomorrow is a competition, and I don’t fit into my weight category!”, “I cried all night, and now my face is swollen.” Together they calculate how much water they drink during the day and how many pills they need to take. As experts, they know how furosemide “behaves” at different times of the day and depending on food intake and the menstrual cycle.
Today Alice is reading the news in a group, lying in the ward of the nephrology department of the capital’s hospital. The girl’s mother brought her to the doctor: she found dozens of packs in her daughter’s nightstand. Psychotherapists immediately began working with Alice: they claimed that her dependence on furosemide was akin to a drug addiction.
She does not comment on the questions of the “newcomers” in the group and does not advise them to stop taking the drug - they still won’t understand: “They won’t think about the side effects, just as I didn’t think about it when I saw such a result. Either they believe that they are smarter and will not get hooked, or they are confident that the young body will withstand any load. And the real story about how I spent a month on a drip and urinated in a measuring cup is like “my mother’s moral teaching.” They will also learn from their mistakes, and then articles will be written about them like this.”
Source: www.the-village.ru
Is it possible to lose weight with Furosemide?
Before studying the question of how to take Furosemide for weight loss, you need to find out how effective the drug is. The tablets, in addition to the main component, contain: potato starch, magnesium stearate and milk sugar. A diuretic (a group of diuretics) increases urine production. This process helps draw additional fluid from the tissues, so the medicine is prescribed to people suffering from kidney disease, liver disease, cardiovascular pathologies, and not from excess weight.
A side effect of Furosemide treatment is weight loss, but this is only a temporary effect. Fat deposits remain in place, only water leaves, which will return again after stopping the diuretic. For this reason, you should not rely only on Furosemide if you want to get rid of some excess weight. The drug will only help for a short period of time, so it is better to use it as an express method, but first you must consult a specialist.
Why can an overdose happen?
Diuretics are prescribed strictly according to indications.
A drug overdose has never been detected in a hospital. After all, in a hospital, the staff is responsible for treating the patient and administering or taking medication. For home treatment, each person is prescribed an individual dose. Throughout the entire period, the status of the biochemical level will be shown. This will help eliminate problems with water and electrolyte balance. Along with a diuretic, the doctor may prescribe potassium supplements, which will reduce the likelihood of side effects.
Or, as an alternative, a diet is prescribed. That is, together with your doctor, you create a special diet for every day, which will contain foods rich in potassium. If the patient himself does not exceed the prescribed dose, then an overdose will not occur.
A sane person cannot take many pills at once. However, diuretic overdose still had to be observed. There is only one explanation for this phenomenon, or rather there are two. Either the person deliberately decided to take a large number of diuretic tablets, or it is all a matter of poor memory. The second reason is especially noticeable in older people. Therefore, it is simply necessary to have someone nearby with older people.
It is strictly forbidden to take medicine with alcohol. This combination will lead to an overdose.
Someone is trying to lose weight with Furosemide, so they exceed the dose. But this has a negative impact on health. True, the drug really struggles with weight loss. Many athletes take it, as the tablets remove doping from the body.
How does Furosemide work on excess weight?
According to the instructions for use, Furosemide diuretic tablets are not used for weight loss.
However, reviews of people losing weight about this drug claim that its periodic use allows you to control your weight and maintain a normal figure. Just one tablet of Furosemide after a stormy feast helps to avoid swollen legs and a swollen face in the morning, which means you can appear slim and fresh at work. But don’t think that this medicine is a panacea for weight loss. Furosemide is a very powerful drug that should be used as prescribed by a doctor.
The main advantage of Furosemide is its ability to instantly start the removal of water. Within two hours after taking the tablet, excess fluid begins to be released from the body. However, useful substances also leave with it: vitamins, microelements, especially calcium, iron, sodium, magnesium, potassium. The result of such weight loss can be disastrous for health. The heart suffers first, as its work becomes difficult due to a lack of potassium and magnesium, then the muscles lose tone. It may take several weeks to restore normal functioning of the body after taking Furosemide for weight loss.
Drug addiction
Furosemide has the ability to create an addictive effect. First of all, this affects the functioning of the kidneys. Over time, the kidneys stop responding to a certain dose and require an increase in order to function normally.
Every doctor takes this into account when prescribing treatment for patients. Therefore, it is impossible to obtain such dependence by strictly following the treatment regimen. Most often, this is encountered by women who decide on their own, without consulting a doctor, to lose weight by taking the drug.
Long-term use causes pseudo-Bartter syndrome ─ low potassium levels in the body along with low blood pressure.
Symptoms:
- Muscle pain;
- Feeling of goosebumps crawling all over the body;
- Sometimes cramps;
- Increased excitability is replaced by a depressed state;
- Vomiting without relief.
Systematic lack of fluid and chronic loss of fluid is manifested by loss of strength, weakness, drowsiness, and depression.
Dependence on Furosemide requires drug treatment . If you abruptly stop the drug, it will increase swelling. Analogs are selected that can replace the drug. Recovery from addiction takes a long time, at least one month. Together with pharmacological drugs, phytotherapeutic agents are used: herbal preparations, teas.
How to take Furosemide for weight loss
As already mentioned, if you take Furosemide to lose weight without dieting or exercise, the effect will not be long-lasting. The lost fluid, and therefore the original weight, will be regained within two days. Taking Furosemide for weight loss requires strict adherence to the dosage. It is advisable to take no more than 1-3 tablets per day (depending on weight) with a break of 3-4 hours. If Furosemide in ampoules is selected, it must be administered intravenously over two minutes (dose 2-4 ml). If it is impossible to administer the medicine into a vein, you can use the intramuscular method.
Doctors strongly recommend one-day daily use of the drug for weight loss. If there are no side effects, then, if necessary, you can use Furosemide tablets for two days in a row. In order not to harm the body, you should follow some rules:
- Salt should be excluded from the diet, otherwise, in combination with taking Furosemide, losing weight can lead to dehydration.
- When combining a diuretic with other medications, you should carefully read the instructions, since incompatibility reduces their effectiveness.
- It is necessary to increase the amount of water consumed to 2-3 liters per day.
- It is advisable to include natural foods with a diuretic effect in your diet: oats, lemon and cranberry juice, beets, celery, carrots and other natural diuretics.
Why Furosemide is dangerous: adverse reactions, harm to the body, consequences
To remove excess fluid from the body, as well as to cleanse it and balance the acid-base level, diuretics are used, which in medicine are called diuretics.
They can be of 2 types: synthetic and natural. Usually prescribed to patients with problems of the heart muscle, liver, kidneys, with high blood pressure, if the pathology is accompanied by edema. In addition, they are prescribed to patients with swelling of the lungs, brain, and intoxication with harmful substances that are excreted unchanged by the kidneys.
The diuretic Furosemide is a drug widely used in medicine. However, when taking this drug, few people think about what effect Furosemide has on the body and what side effects and consequences may be encountered after completing the intake.
The principle of action of a diuretic
Furosemide is a pharmacological agent with a diuretic effect, classified as a “loop” diuretic. It is able to accelerate the formation of urine and reduce the volume of fluid in the tissues of the body. The medicine is very powerful and starts the process almost instantly, however, its effect does not last long.
20 minutes after administration, the mechanism of action starts, the greatest effect is achieved after 2 hours and lasts 3-6 hours. The drug has a depressing effect on the reabsorption of sodium and chlorine ions, and promotes the excretion of calcium, potassium, and magnesium ions. Furosemide has a strong diuretic effect, natriuretic and chloruretic effects.
When using tablets for heart failure, the load on the heart subsides 20 minutes after taking it. After 60-120 minutes, blood circulation decreases, vascular tone decreases and the amount of fluid in the tissues decreases. It is at this moment that Furosemide reaches the peak of its effect. The leaching of sodium chloride also increases, which helps lower blood pressure.
Side effects
We list what adverse reactions from the body may occur, as well as their symptoms:
- Hypokalemia is a life-threatening condition for the patient, characterized by low potassium levels in the body. Can become a catalyst for life-threatening arrhythmia. This is especially true for patients who have suffered a heart attack, who are taking glycosides for the heart muscle, and for people who have previously suffered from arrhythmia. Symptoms: weakness, muscle pain, pins and needles, cramps, constipation, rapid heartbeat, irregular heart rhythm, low blood pressure.
- Lack of magnesium increases neuromuscular excitability, resulting in convulsions, arrhythmia, and atrial fibrillation.
- Hyponatremia is a decrease in the concentration of sodium ions in the blood. Symptoms: migraine, feeling of depression (overexcitement), cramps, fatigue, lethargy, vomiting and nausea. This symptomatology is usually associated with swelling of the cells of the nervous system.
- Chronic loss of fluid , manifested by loss of strength, feeling of weakness, craving for sleep, severe decrease in blood pressure, frequent dizziness.
- Attacks of gout due to uric acid retention.
- Metabolic alkalosis as a result of loss of sodium, potassium, chlorine. Symptomatic picture: muscle cramps, low blood pressure, constipation, weakness.
- Glomerulonephritis due to long-term toxic effects on renal cells can occur (rarely).
- Increased ototoxicity of aminoglycosides (negatively affects the hearing aid) and nephrotoxicity of cephalosporins (damage to kidney tissue).
Furosemide is a dangerous drug that can cause serious problems in the human body. For this reason, the drug should be taken only as prescribed by a doctor and the dosage should be adjusted as necessary.
The dangers of long-term use of a diuretic for weight loss
Long-term use of Furosemide during weight loss increases the risk of side effects, and the chance of death due to metabolic disorders and cardiac arrest increases significantly. This is due to the fact that a pronounced deficiency of minerals appears in the body, which are necessary for the normal functioning of all organs and systems.
For this reason, long-term use of any diuretics is prohibited. Physically, a person loses performance, endurance, the body loses the ability to regulate body temperature, which leads to dehydration, weakness, and disruption of blood circulation.
Why the drug is dangerous: unpleasant consequences
Due to long-term use of the drug, a dose-dependent effect appears in humans. In more detail, an increase in the volume of urine occurs due to the intake of different amounts of medication associated with the pathology and personal characteristics of the patient’s body. In addition, over time, the kidneys stop responding to the initial dose, which requires increasing it.
Cases have been recorded when, when diuretics are discontinued, a person experiences psychological changes, i.e. there is a direct dependence on the drug. This is especially true for those who independently practice taking Furosemide for weight loss.
Pseudo-Bartter syndrome may also develop. The pathology is characterized by water and electrolyte disturbances - a decrease in the concentration of potassium, sodium, chlorine in the blood, an imbalance in the acid-base balance, signs of dehydration of the body appear, and the activity of blood plasma renin increases.
Benefits of using the drug
However, the drug still has positive aspects. It helps to quickly remove poisons, toxins and excess fluid, thereby relieving swelling. That is, the diuretic performs its original functions properly.
IMPORTANT ! Taking the drug under the supervision of a doctor in combination with other medications does not cause any harm.
After stopping the diuretic, the patient's swelling may worsen. This may happen for one of the following reasons:
- A consequence of a disease treated with Furosemide. In this case, you will need to consult your doctor with subsequent correction of the pathology.
- Symptom of drug addiction.
With the furosemide-dependent effect, everything is a little more complicated. You will need to take mineral medications containing potassium and magnesium, but it is better to consume liquid in small quantities.
Use herbal remedies as diuretics. It is advisable to drink no later than 4 o'clock in the afternoon, and take the last meal before 6 o'clock in the evening.
These recommendations will have to be followed for 30 days or more.
In order to prevent hypokalemia, you need to introduce foods high in potassium into your diet - nuts, dried apricots, raisins, beans, peas and other legumes, kale, potatoes. At the same time, it is recommended to take potassium supplements.
To compensate for magnesium deficiency, you will need to take chloride or magnesium gluconate. Sodium chloride therapy for low sodium levels in the blood is carried out carefully, since salt retains fluid in the body.
Opinions of patients and doctors
Below are real reviews from doctors and patients. Let's find out what opinion has developed about the diuretic in medical practice and among those who used the drug for any reason.
Reviews from doctors:
Arkady Pretrovich, doctor:
Of course, the diuretic effect is very sharp, especially for the first time. A big mistake when treating chronic heart failure with symptoms of swelling is to expel fluid from the body several times a week. I believe that it should be taken every day, in the morning, and in the dosage prescribed by the doctor.
I do not recommend taking Furosemide in tablet form for long-term treatment of hypertension. For treatment, you can use other diuretics that help lower blood pressure, for example, Torsemide.
Many people do not know the best about the drug, which entails a lot of side effects and serious consequences. However, if you use drugs that retain potassium in the body together with Furosemide, then everything will be fine.
The most important thing is not to self-medicate, but to seek help from an experienced doctor.
Feedback and advice on admission from patients:
Petr Maksimovich, 49 years old
Good pills for those with hypertension. I drink according to the regimen chosen by the doctor. The medicine generally removes swelling, but sometimes not immediately and not always, then the dosage has to be increased. In combination with Lokren, it remarkably normalizes blood pressure and relieves swelling. It helps me.
Irina Petrovna, 43 years old
I have never considered Furosemide for weight loss purposes. I don't understand those who use it specifically for this. After all, in addition to liquid, calcium and magnesium are washed out.
If these minerals are not replenished, then continuous problems begin: teeth crumble, hair falls out, nails break, severe muscle cramps begin, and insomnia is definitely guaranteed! People, think before you use the drug!
Sofia, 30 years old
From my own experience, I want to warn girls who are trying to get rid of excess weight or simply swelling using this remedy.
So I, too, decided to use it to relieve swelling for a while, but in the end I got hooked on a diuretic, and each time I had to increase the dosage. In addition, she developed dehydration and heart problems.
I had to see a doctor for help. I ask everyone to treat the drug with extreme caution; it’s better not to try it at all.
Marina Yurievna, 53 years old
There was a period when I started to swell a lot. I used to drink a cup of water before going to bed, so in the morning there’s some kind of guard! The swelling did not go away on its own, so I had to consult a doctor. That's when I learned about Furosemide.
I only had to take 1 tablet, but at the same time I was also prescribed a potassium-containing drug, I don’t remember the name. There were no side effects. I can’t say anything bad about the diuretic, the main thing is to do everything correctly.
Conclusion
Furosemide is a powerful “loop” diuretic that can quickly remove excess fluid and toxins from the body, and even create a weight loss effect.
However, at the same time, it removes vital minerals, as a result of which serious complications can develop, which do not always end well for the person.
That is why a diuretic drug should be used only when absolutely necessary, adhering to the therapeutic regimen drawn up by the attending physician.
We recommend other articles on the topic
Source: https://UroHelp.guru/lekarstva/chem-opasen-furosemid.html
Side effects
The body may react to the action of diuretic tablets with undesirable side reactions. Uncontrolled use of Furosemide for weight loss can provoke disturbances in the functioning of the following systems and organs:
- Heart, blood vessels and circulatory system: arrhythmia, tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, dizziness, convulsions.
- Genitourinary system: decreased potency, urinary retention, nephritis, oliguria.
- Sense organs: dry mouth, blurred vision, hearing loss.
- Skin: itching, rashes, redness.
- Digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.
Chronic drug overdose
With systematic use of tablets, thrombophlebitis develops - inflammation of the veins with the formation of blood clots. More common in older people.
The following symptoms are observed from the gastrointestinal tract:
- Nausea, vomiting;
- constipation or diarrhea;
- Pancreatitis ─ inflammation of the pancreas;
- Stagnation of bile.
Symptoms of chronic damage to the nervous system:
- Hearing loss due to damage to the inner ear;
- Fog in the eyes;
- Confusion, nervousness;
- Dizziness, migraines;
- Anorexia.
Allergic manifestations: exfoliative dermatitis, itching, urticaria, photosensitivity (sensitivity to light).
The maximum permissible dose of the drug is 600 mg per day. In medical practice, in some cases, for example, with ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity), the dose is increased to 900 mg per day. The lethal dose of Furosemide has not been established , the critical daily dose is 1500 mg.
Why should Furosemide and Asparkam be taken together?
Asparkam is a medicine designed to improve metabolic processes in the body. The drug is prescribed to restore the balance of electrolytes, to quickly move potassium and magnesium ions inside tissue cells. The drug has an antiarrhythmic effect, reduces myocardial excitability, and improves blood circulation.
When losing weight with the diuretic Furosemide, beneficial substances leave the body. To ensure that they are quickly replenished, taking Asparkam will help return the lost resources. It is advisable to take the medicine in the same dosage, at the same time and with the same course as Furosemide.
How can you get an overdose?
Furosemide overdose options:
- Errors in prescribing a treatment regimen;
- Self-administration of medication;
- Accidental ingestion of a substance into the body (in elderly people or children);
- Taking the drug as a means of losing weight;
- Overdose resulting from drug intolerance.
The simultaneous use of the drug and alcoholic beverages can lead to negative effects on the body .
Doctors' opinion about the drug
Doctors say that powerful diuretics, such as Furosemide, are prescribed exclusively for pathologies of the liver, kidneys or heart to get rid of painful swelling. The instructions for use of the drug do not say anything about losing weight, so using the drug for these purposes is not only useless, but also dangerous.
In case of an overdose, all systems can be affected. The consequences of taking Furosemide can lead to symptoms of diseases of the nervous, digestive, genitourinary and cardiovascular systems. For men, such weight loss can result in impotence. Furosemide should be taken strictly under the supervision of the attending physician.
Source: wjone.ru
Harm of diuretics for weight loss
What lengths the fair sex are not willing to go to in order to get rid of unnecessary kilograms. Teas for weight loss, fasting, exhausting diets - everything except the correct and safe ways to correct your figure. Recently, the diuretic drug Furosemide has become rapidly gaining popularity among those wishing to lose weight.
With its help, you can indeed get rid of 1-2 kg, but not of fat, which forms additional centimeters, but of fluid, which the body desperately needs. The dangerous consequences of taking furosemide can lead to irreversible changes and disorders in the body.
Therefore, this drug should never be self-prescribed or taken regularly.
After taking furosemide, a rapid diuretic effect is indeed obtained. And this is precisely why this medicine is used for medicinal purposes. By quickly removing excess fluid, it normalizes blood pressure and reduces swelling on the body within the next 2-3 hours. Furosemide can be used by injection if help is needed urgently and without delay.
It is prescribed for chronic heart failure, cerebral edema, cardiac asthma, pulmonary edema, as well as some forms of hypertensive crisis. This is one of the most potent drugs, which begins to act within 15 minutes.
But if you use it only when necessary to remove bags under your eyes in the morning, then this is already a serious health risk.
The dangerous consequences of regular use of furosemide are that calcium, potassium, and other beneficial salts are rapidly washed out of the body.
Without particularly paying attention to whether excess fluid has accumulated in the body, or whether it is there in the required quantity, the girls swallow tablet after tablet. After repeated use of furosemide, leg cramps, pain in the lumbar region begin to bother (this is how “exhausted” kidneys manifest themselves), and the heartbeat quickens.
But if such dangerous consequences as tachycardia and convulsions can occur several times, then kidney dysfunction will be an irreversible process.
After using furosemide for a long time, the risk of stroke and heart attack increases. This drug causes an acute heart attack due to the body losing potassium.
This microelement simply does not have time to be restored at the same rate as it is lost.
That is why in medical practice, in addition to taking furosemide, other drugs are prescribed in parallel that restore the vital water-salt balance.
A consequence of taking furosemide is the loss of magnesium by the body. This microelement is responsible for the condition of our skin, makes it elastic and taut, and is responsible for maintaining muscle tissue in tone. It is not difficult to guess what the regular leaching of magnesium from the body can lead to.
Magnesium and potassium are extremely important microelements for the functioning of the nervous system. Therefore, if you notice mood swings, emotional instability, a tendency to depression and increased nervous excitability, insomnia, you can safely conclude that furosemide has had its dangerous consequences.
As for the female body, the dangerous consequences of dependence on furosemide will manifest itself in the form of loss of breast shape, the appearance of unwanted wrinkles around the eyes, peeling of the skin on the nose and around the lips.
Calcium deficiency, which is the first result of taking furosemide, will lead to deterioration of hair, nails, teeth and joints. Girls who play sports and regularly take furosemide may not count on beautifully formed muscles.
Furosemide cannot have a positive effect on athletic performance. It weakens muscle tissue, which, when worked out in the gym and on exercise machines, should only strengthen and thicken.
After taking furosemide, weakness, dizziness and a state close to fainting may appear. Such dangerous consequences are caused by loss of fluid and dehydration in the body, confirmed by severe thirst and dry mouth.
After drinking the amount of fluid required by the body, the dizziness will go away. But your body weight will return to the value it was before taking the pill.
Therefore, weight loss through taking furosemide cannot in any way be called weight loss - it is simply a huge blow to the functioning of all organ systems.
It is almost impossible to restore the body after frequent use of diuretics. The most dangerous thing is the disruption of the kidneys, which simply stop coping with the elimination of fluid without the help of furosemide.
As a result, this drug causes drug addiction. Without it, it becomes simply impossible to cope with swelling. There are many safe and even beneficial ways for the body to remove excess fluid accumulated in the body.
For example, even black coffee without sugar, green tea, and in the summer – watermelons and melons have a diuretic effect.
If you have no contraindications to visiting the sauna, use this effective way to sweat and get rid of not only excess water, but also toxins and waste that disrupt metabolism and prevent natural weight loss.
Source: https://ergashaka.ru/stati/lechenie-bolezney/2311-vred-mochegonnykh-dlya-pokhudeniya
How to lower high upper blood pressure: what should patients take?
Not everyone knows why high upper blood pressure is observed, what a sick person should take in this situation and how dangerous this condition is. Blood pressure is an important indicator of human health. There are systolic and diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure is otherwise called upper pressure. This is the pressure that occurs in the arteries during myocardial contraction. What are the causes, symptoms and treatment of hypertension?
Increasing the indicator
High blood pressure most often indicates the development of hypertension. In healthy people, systolic blood pressure varies from 110 to 139 mmHg. Art. In most cases, there is a simultaneous increase in systolic and diastolic pressure. An isolated increase in upper pressure is less common. It ranges from 140 mm Hg. Art. and higher.
This pathology is often detected in elderly people. Systolic blood pressure is determined when the large arteries fill with blood. High readings may indicate narrowing of the arteries. Very often, elevated upper blood pressure is a symptom of coronary artery disease. This pathological condition, in the absence of therapeutic measures, becomes the cause of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
Etiological factors
The causes of hypertension are numerous. A combined increase in upper and lower blood pressure indicates the development of hypertension. The prevalence of this disease among adults is up to 20%. The following risk factors for the development of primary (essential) arterial hypertension are identified:
- excess salt in the diet;
- stress;
- complicated heredity;
- obesity;
- hormonal changes in the body;
- atherosclerosis;
- poor nutrition (excess animal fats);
- physical inactivity;
- nicotine and alcohol addiction;
- exposure to electromagnetic radiation, vibration, noise;
- wrong lifestyle;
- overwork.
Systolic hypertension occurs against the background of the following diseases:
- pathology of the thyroid gland (thyrotoxicosis);
- aortic valve insufficiency;
- heart block.
The secondary form of arterial hypertension, in which upper and lower blood pressure increases simultaneously, occurs with kidney pathology (glomerulonephritis, hydronephrosis), tuberculosis infection, pheochromocytoma, and increased levels of sodium or calcium in the blood. Age-related changes play an important role. In older people, artery walls become less elastic. They cannot fully stretch and contract as blood is pushed out. By the age of 50, lower blood pressure becomes stable, while upper blood pressure can increase.
Clinical manifestations
The isolated (systolic) form of hypertension is quite rare. It is diagnosed in 7-10% of patients. With an isolated form of hypertension, lower blood pressure remains within normal limits. Elevated blood pressure rarely goes unnoticed. With primary arterial hypertension, the following symptoms may be observed:
- periodic headache mainly in the occipital region;
- dizziness;
- noise in ears;
- heaviness in the head;
- sensation of pulsation;
- rapid heartbeat;
- nausea;
- sleep disturbance.
As the disease progresses, the signs become more pronounced: shortness of breath appears, and slight swelling in the hands may occur. The severity of symptoms depends on the stage of hypertension.
- At stage 1, blood pressure is labile. It is observed to fluctuate. Upper blood pressure ranges from 140 to 179 mm Hg. Art. Hypertension is moderate. Crises rarely develop in such patients. Internal organs are not affected.
- At grade 2, the upper pressure is 180-209 mm Hg. Art. Hypertensive crises occur.
- Stage 3 hypertension is the most severe, in which the upper pressure can reach maximum values (up to 300 mm Hg). This is fraught with severe crises, the development of encephalopathy, thrombosis and kidney damage.
Reduction methods
Treatment of patients with arterial hypertension is carried out on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization is possible in case of severe crises and a history of heart attacks and strokes. Treatment is prescribed by a cardiologist or therapist. To reduce upper blood pressure, the following recommendations must be followed:
- take medications prescribed by a doctor;
- reduce body weight (in case of obesity);
- cure concomitant diseases;
- give up alcohol and cigarettes;
- follow a diet;
- limit salt intake.
For high blood pressure, the following groups of medications are used:
- calcium channel blockers;
- ACE inhibitors;
- diuretics;
- beta blockers;
- alpha blockers.
Diuretics are very widely used. This group includes Indapamide, Lasix (Furosemide), Torsemide, Spironolactone, Hydrochlorothiazide. The most commonly used are Indapamide and Lasix. Indapamide is available in tablet form. The mechanism of the hypotensive effect of this drug is associated with a violation of the reabsorption of sodium ions. This helps to increase diuresis. The removal of fluid reduces the volume of circulating blood and reduces blood pressure. Initially, only upper blood pressure decreases, but with constant use of the drug, diastolic blood pressure also decreases.
For concomitant diabetes and cardiac arrhythmias, potassium-sparing diuretics are better suited. These include Spironolactone.
Lasix is indicated for arterial hypertension and chronic heart failure.
Almost every person with hypertension is prescribed ACE inhibitors. These drugs lower blood pressure by blocking the enzyme that converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2. These drugs reduce the risk of complications.
ACE inhibitors include Captopril, Perindopril, Capoten, Enalapril, Prestarium.
If the prescribed medication is ineffective, it must be replaced with another one. Patients with hypertension need to take medications for life. It is recommended to regularly measure blood pressure using a tonometer. If the pressure drops below the limit, it must be increased. Thus, high upper blood pressure is a reason to consult a doctor. Self-medication can only cause harm and lead to a worsening of the condition.
Symptoms of intoxication
When taking pills, blood vessels dilate and nutrients are washed out. Such manipulations lead to danger. You can independently detect intoxication due to excessive use of pills. Some symptoms indicate an overdose.
These include:
- decreased blood pressure;
- severe headaches and dizziness;
- general weakness of the body;
- strong heartbeat;
- state on the verge of fainting;
- blurred vision;
- strong thirst.
These symptoms mean that severe intoxication has occurred. The main thing is not to confuse them, as chronic poisoning may occur. Then the person will feel weak and tired. In rare cases, seizures may occur.
What diuretics are used for heart failure?
There are many diuretics, let’s try to figure out which of them and in which situations should be preferred for heart failure.
Furosemide (Lasix) is the most powerful of all diuretics; it is used for decompensation (exacerbation) of heart failure, or regularly every few days. It is not taken daily, as this leads to an addictive effect, in addition, the risk of developing unwanted side effects will be extremely high. This refers to conditions associated with potassium loss (convulsions, hearing loss, muscle weakness).
Torsemide (Trifas, Torsid) is also furosemide, but long-acting, it is not so powerful. This drug is suitable for daily use and can be used indefinitely.
Indapaid (Arifon, Indapress) and hydrochlorithiazides (Hypothiazide) are more often used to lower blood pressure and have a weak diuretic effect; in addition, they do not work in renal failure. As a rule, they are prescribed not for diuretic purposes.
Ethacrynic acid (Urgegit) - it is usually used in complex treatment with furosemide to overcome resistance to diuretics, when even huge doses of a single diuretic do not have an effect (advanced stages of the disease).
The usual scheme for using diuretics for exacerbation of heart failure is furosemide plus veroshpiron, for planned treatment torasemide or indapaid or hydrochlorithiazide, plus veroshpiron when indicated.
Why is Furosemide dangerous? Harm and benefit. Exciting facts!
Furosemide is a potent diuretic that increases urine output for a short period of time, but in a significant volume. It can be used both in tablet and injectable form and is often indicated to eliminate acute conditions, significant swelling or as part of detoxification therapy.
The mechanism of action of Furosemide is based on the suppression of the reabsorption of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium ions from primary urine.
The drug acts at the level of the ascending part of the loop of Henle - a formation where all the necessary substances from the initially filtered primary urine enter back into the blood.
This leads to the fact that these ions “pull” water onto themselves and the subsequent volume of secondary urine becomes significantly larger. In addition, the drug accelerates the elimination of drugs from the body by the kidneys, but can also increase their toxic effect on these organs.
Indications
- Acute and chronic heart failure;
- Acute or chronic renal failure (with persistent urine output);
- Acute or chronic liver failure;
- Edema of any origin and location;
- Hypertensive crisis (a sharp increase in blood pressure with a deterioration in general health);
- Brain swelling;
- Preeclampsia and eclampsia in pregnancy (impaired kidney function, increased blood pressure and swelling, which can cause swelling of the brain, loss of consciousness and death).
Contraindications for use
- Drug intolerance;
- Comatose states;
- Complete absence of urine output due to kidney damage;
- Low blood pressure;
- Severe loss of body fluids;
- Impaired urine outflow due to existing obstacles;
- Heart defects;
- Taking digoxin;
- Acute glomerulonephritis.
Side effects and possible consequences of taking
- Excessive drop in blood pressure;
- Increased heart rate;
- Disturbances in the rhythmic functioning of the heart;
- Electrolyte imbalance;
- Feeling of dry skin and mucous membranes;
- Dizziness;
- Weakness;
- Allergic reactions.
What to do when the blood is too thick
- Clinical manifestations
- Causes of pathology
- Danger of the pathological process
- Diet and treatment
Blood is a biological medium that ensures human life. Thanks to the work of the cardiovascular system, it supplies tissues with the necessary nutrients and oxygen for normal cell division and growth. At the same time, blood helps cleanse the organs of metabolic products and carbon dioxide, followed by removal from the body by the kidneys and lungs during respiration.
Clinical manifestations
An increase in blood density may be asymptomatic, and changes in its rheological properties are detected during a diagnostic examination for other diseases. The most indicative laboratory tests that can be used to check blood fluidity are:
- general blood test - quantitative determination of cellular elements (erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes);
- study of hematocrit - an indicator that is characterized by the ratio of the liquid part of the blood (plasma) and its cellular composition;
- biochemical blood test to detect glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides;
- test for coagulation ability (coagulogram) - includes indicators of fibrinogen, prothrombin, thrombin and prothrombin time.
In most cases, symptoms of thick blood occur, which are nonspecific in nature, which means they can occur in many diseases. Clinical manifestations of the pathological process include:
- weakness, fatigue, decreased ability to work;
- marbling of the skin, coldness of the extremities, feeling of numbness in the fingers;
- headaches, dizziness;
- decrease in mental functions (memory, speed of mental reactions, thinking);
- emotional depression, depression;
- dry skin, mucous membranes, feeling of thirst;
- the appearance of subcutaneous nodules on the legs, which are thrombosed veins.
If you promptly consult a doctor if the above symptoms appear and undergo annual preventive examinations, you can significantly improve your general condition and prevent the development of complications.
Causes of pathology
As you know, blood consists of 90% of the liquid part - plasma - and 10% of the dry residue, which includes blood cells, biologically active (enzymes, hormones) and nutrients. A decrease in plasma or an increase in cellular composition leads to its thickening. Platelets and erythrocytes, the most numerous blood cells, have the greatest influence on the rheological properties of blood. Also of no small importance is the tone and integrity of the vascular endothelium, the functional viability of the myocardium, which ensure the unhindered movement of blood throughout the body.
The main reasons for increased plasma density include:
- dehydration (profuse diarrhea, repeated vomiting);
- discrepancy between fluid intake and the body’s daily need for water;
- damage to the vascular wall (atherosclerosis, vasculitis, hypovitaminosis);
- functional liver failure, leading to impaired enzyme production (cirrhosis, hepatitis);
- bone marrow diseases (pancytopenia, erythremia);
- endocrine pathology (diabetes mellitus);
- pathology of the cardiovascular system (chronic heart failure);
- state of acidosis (increased acidity of blood and intercellular fluid);
- parasitic infestation (ascariasis, echinococcosis);
- increased functional activity of the spleen;
- radiation sickness;
- bad habits (abuse of alcohol, nicotine);
- taking certain medications (diuretics, birth control pills).
Men, due to hormonal characteristics and a large volume of muscle mass, are more likely to suffer from plasma thickening than females.
Danger of the pathological process
To understand why thick blood is dangerous, you need to understand the essence of the pathological process. When the rheological properties of blood decrease, blood flow slows down, especially at the level of small vessels - arterioles, venules, capillaries. As a result of stagnation of blood in tissues, metabolic processes deteriorate - the supply of oxygen and nutrients decreases, under-oxidized products and free radicals are retained. These processes lead to hypoxia and disruption of homeostasis in the body.
In turn, the slow flow of blood through the vessels increases the permeability of their walls, disrupts the integrity of the inner lining (endothelium), which causes the preconditions for the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Blood stagnation leads to settling and sticking of platelets together and causes the formation of blood clots. This threatens the emergence of severe complications: myocardial infarction, cerebral stroke, thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery system, which reduce the quality of life, social adaptation of patients, and in severe cases leading to death.
Under conditions when the heart muscle needs to push thick plasma through the vascular system, its functional abilities are depleted. At the initial stage of the pathological process, hypertrophy (thickening) of the myocardium appears, and then its atrophy (thinning), which leads to heart failure. Hypoxia of all body systems causes dysfunction and leads to early mortality.
Diet and treatment
To prevent disturbances and restore normal rheological properties of blood, it is necessary to pay attention to nutrition, especially for older people whose plasma thickens due to age-related changes in the body. In this case, the diet should contain a sufficient amount of liquid, on average 1.5-2 liters/day, depending on body weight, physical activity, and ambient temperature. More water is required in the hot season, when doing heavy physical labor or sports, and at a young age.
Products that can thin the blood include:
- garlic, onion;
- sea fish, seafood;
- tomatoes, bell peppers, zucchini, cucumbers, beets;
- sprouted wheat grains;
- cocoa products, dark chocolate;
- strawberries, blueberries, raspberries;
- pomegranate;
- orange, grapefruit, lemon;
- ginger;
- flaxseed, sunflower, olive oil;
- dietary meat (rabbit, chicken).
These products make the blood fluid, reduce blood clots, and improve metabolic processes in tissues.
Blood thickening products include:
- smoked sausages, canned food;
- fatty meats and broths based on them;
- buckwheat porridge;
- aspic;
- cream, high-fat milk, butter, margarine;
- lentils, cabbage;
- white bread, flour sweet products;
- mango, chokeberry, viburnum, bananas;
- medicinal herbs (St. John's wort, corn silk, valerian).
The pathological process can be treated with aspirin-based drugs, which have a thrombolytic effect. They are represented by drugs such as Thromboass, Cardiomagnyl, Aspirin-cardio, Cardiopyrin and should be prescribed by a doctor after a comprehensive examination. To prevent the pathological process, biologically active supplements (BAS) containing dihydroquerticin, a substance that improves the rheological properties of blood, are prescribed. Flavit or Capilar is prescribed in monthly courses, subject to diet. Regular physical activity (physical education, sports) and cessation of alcohol and nicotine addiction are of no small importance for improving the condition.
Increased blood viscosity is not a disease, but a pathological symptom that occurs when exposed to external or internal factors. To prevent the development of complications associated with a violation of the rheological properties of plasma, it is necessary to undergo annual medical examinations and promptly consult a doctor if the general condition worsens.
Source: tahikardiya.giperton-med.ru
Composition and release form
The medicine is available in two forms. More often it is prescribed in tablets, but in severe cases intravenous injections are chosen.
The composition of the tablets is simple. They contain 40 g of furosemide; the fillers are milk sugar with silicon dioxide in colloidal form, starch, gelatin or other substances necessary for the manufacture of the required form of the medicine. The injection solution contains 10 ml of furosemide, excipients - sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride, distilled water. Both forms of the medication come in cardboard packaging and are widely available.
Use of diuretic tablets "Furosemide" during pregnancy and lactation
During the period of bearing a child, the medication is prescribed extremely rarely and only for severe diseases, since its constituent components, breaking the placental barrier, affect the fetus. Throughout the entire therapeutic course, doctors monitor the condition of the intrauterine fetus. It is strictly contraindicated to self-medicate and take Furosemide without the knowledge of the doctor. As studies conducted on animals raised in laboratory conditions have shown, high doses of the drug have a negative effect on the course of pregnancy. You should not use a diuretic medication to eliminate edema during breastfeeding, as it passes through milk and affects the baby. In addition, Furosemide suppresses the production of breast milk.
Video on the topic
How to take Furosemide for hypertension:
Basically, Furosemide is indicated for use in hypertension, as it allows you to quickly normalize high blood pressure. But, nevertheless, uncontrolled use of medication can aggravate existing disorders in the body. That is why only a doctor can make a decision regarding its use. Also, do not forget to strictly adhere to the specified amount of medication.
The information on the MyMedNews.ru website is for reference and general information, collected from publicly available sources and cannot serve as a basis for making a decision on the use of medications in the course of treatment.
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