Urinalysis for cystitis, main indicators and interpretation of results. Urine analysis for cystitis: indicators

In pursuit of beauty, women often sacrifice their own health. By wearing nylon tights in combination with a short skirt in the cold season, you can not only please the eyes of men passing by, but also earn cystitis - a disease in which the mucous membrane of the bladder becomes inflamed.

However, hypothermia is not the main cause of the development of this disease. It is only one of the factors that create favorable conditions for the life of pathogenic microorganisms.

Cystitis is accompanied by severe symptoms that are almost impossible to confuse with any other ailment. However, a doctor can prescribe effective treatment only after he is able to determine how far the inflammatory process has gone and what infection contributed to its development. A urine test for cystitis helps to obtain this information.

Characteristics of urine in disease

Urine is a biological fluid with which harmful and toxic compounds formed during the metabolism of nutrients are removed from the human body. It is produced by the kidneys and then accumulates in the bladder. Receptors in the walls of the organ send a signal to the brain - a person has the urge to urinate.

Normally, urine is light yellow in color and has a mild, neutral odor. In addition, it is completely transparent.

When you get cystitis, the characteristics of the biological fluid change. It becomes cloudy and dull, and has an unpleasant odor.

The presence of symptoms characteristic of cystitis and the appearance of changes in the urine are a reason to consult a doctor.

Urine culture for sterility

Diagnosis of cystitis involves the use of the most informative method, called bacteriological urine culture. This study allows you to identify and count the number of bacteria that caused the development of an infectious process in the bladder.

The normal indicators correspond to the following parameters:

• leukocytes – no more than 4 thousand per 1 ml;
• red blood cells – no more than 1 thousand per 1 ml;
• cylinders - no more than 20 per 1 ml.

To select an effective antibiotic that can destroy bacteria and cause the least harm to the body, the patient may be prescribed a urine culture test to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics.

What does the color of urine indicate when you have cystitis?

Changes in the color of urine are caused by the occurrence and development of the inflammatory process of the bladder. The liquid can be dirty yellow, whitish, pink or even brown. The severity of the disease can presumably be assessed by the color of urine.

Urine acquires a dirty yellow color due to the admixture of a large number of leukocytes, which are the first markers of inflammation. These are white blood cells that are responsible for the body's immune defense. They massively fill the focus of the inflammatory process, destroy pathogens, and then die themselves.

The whitish color of urine with cystitis indicates an extensive and advanced inflammatory process. This is essentially the release of pus, which is a large number of dead bacteria and white blood cells. Most often, urine of this color indicates inflammation of all parts of the urinary system.

Urine acquires a pink tint when erythrocytes (red blood cells) appear. This phenomenon is observed when the inflammatory process covers the walls of the vessels of the mucous membrane of the bladder. It thins, allowing red blood cells to pass through, which mix with urine and are excreted. Urine acquires a brown color when there is a massive release of red blood cells, which indicates excessive damage to the vessels of the mucous membrane.

This phenomenon is called gross hematuria and is a consequence of advanced inflammation of the bladder, mechanical damage to its walls, the presence of an oncological process in the urinary organs, and a disorder of the blood coagulation system.

Insufficient fluid intake causes an increase in the concentration of urine, which gives it a dark color. To avoid this, an adult needs to drink at least two liters of water per day.

Causes of dark urine

The causes of dark urine can be different; do not underestimate the presence of such a symptom. Sometimes this is a physiological feature or a consequence of some provoking factor, but sometimes it indicates the presence of dangerous diseases that require timely diagnosis and mandatory treatment.

Causes of urine color change

The change in color of morning and evening urine is associated with the amount of bilirubin pigment. The higher the level of this substance, the darker the shade. The color change may also be caused by the urochrome pigment. Its concentration depends on the amount of free liquid in relation to other components included in the composition.

Diseases

The reasons for the appearance of a dark shade are:

1. Kidney diseases. Disturbances in the functioning of the excretory system cause the appearance of a dark shade. A number of pathological factors lead to kidney problems, and the urine becomes more turbid. This is typical in the presence of sand, stones and pyelonephritis.
2. Cystitis. Cystitis plays an important role in the formation of dark brown coloration. The admixture of blood causes the appearance of a characteristic shade.
3. Prostate diseases, including adenoma. Benign changes lead to damage to small vessels, resulting in a small amount of blood clots being mixed with urine.
4. Inflammatory process in the urethra. This symptom is characteristic of damage from stone fragments, which leads to the appearance of blood.

The reason for the dark yellow color of urine with an odor is the presence of bacterial and viral flora. This symptom can be provoked by chlamydia, trichomonas, staphylococci, fungi and E. coli.

Natural causes

The occurrence of this symptom is sometimes a natural process under the influence of provoking factors, when eliminated the color becomes normal again. These reasons include:

1. Physical exercise. The appearance of dark brown urine is often associated with intense training and overexertion. At the same time, the amount of fluid in the body decreases sharply, which leads to the appearance of a similar symptom.
2. Advanced age. In older people, metabolism slows down, which provokes the occurrence of this symptom.
3. Heat. An increase in ambient temperature leads to increased sweating. If moisture reserves are not replenished, the color of the urine changes.

The dark color may also be caused by prolonged suppression of the urge to defecate.

Stressful situations leading to prolonged experiences can also provoke such a manifestation.

Dehydration

The occurrence of this symptom largely depends on daily fluid intake. If the body does not have enough of this amount, the color becomes dark. This is possible due to a decrease in the volume of fluid in the body during poisoning, which is often accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea. This reason reduces both the total amount of urine and its shade as a result of the concentration of waste products of the bacterial flora.

Food

Diet also greatly influences the occurrence of this phenomenon. After drinking alcohol, especially dark beer, the composition of urine changes, which causes it to become cloudy. Products that affect the shade: legumes, beets, blueberries, citrus fruits, carrots and beef, berries. Drinks that cause color changes: coffee, strong tea, fruit drink, juice, soda with dyes.

Drugs

The use of antimicrobial drugs can become a provoking factor in the occurrence of this symptom, especially in situations where therapy with several medications is required at once. Taking antibiotics puts additional stress on the kidneys. The cause of the dark red impurity may be long-term treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which provoke bleeding. Additional provocateurs of color changes are glucocorticoid drugs.

What to do if your urine is dark

Treatment of this symptom directly depends on the provoking factor.

If the dark orange or brown color is caused by diet, then no treatment is required. This is considered a normal reaction of the body.

In most cases, it is necessary to increase the amount of fluid consumed per day, and after some time the symptom will disappear without additional measures.

When to see a doctor

If the urine is dark yellow in color for a long time, then the cause may be dangerous and will require medical intervention. You should contact a specialist if the symptom is accompanied by general poor health, nausea, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, pain and burning when urinating.

Peculiarities

Provoking factors for this symptom can also be a person’s habits. Staying in one position for a long time often leads to stagnation of urine. The habit of wearing tight belts also has an indirect effect. The characteristics of the symptom in men, women and children are slightly different, due to physiological factors.

In men

The causes of cloudy urine in men are often hidden in the presence of diseases such as epididymitis, varicocele, hydrocele. Inflammatory processes in the scrotum often provoke urine retention, which is accompanied by pain and a feeling of heaviness in the testicles. At the same time, body temperature often rises.

Dark urine in women

The reasons for dark urine in women may also lie in the presence of endometriosis. The symptom is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, pain and spotting. All this is associated with the menstrual cycle. An additional factor is menstruation. In this case, the urine acquires a cloudy red hue, mixing with vaginal discharge.

Darkening of urine during pregnancy

The color of urine in pregnant women may change as a result of hormonal changes. This often happens in the first trimester, especially during embryo implantation.

Another reason is severe toxicosis. In this case, dehydration occurs, which provokes the appearance of a dark shade.

The child has

In children, this symptom occurs more often with hypervitaminosis. At the same time, a large amount of ascorbic acid and group B elements enter the body. An increase in body temperature can also cause the appearance of a dark shade of urine. An additional factor is that many children are addicted to sweets, which often contain large amounts of food coloring.

What urine test and how should it be taken?

The gold standard for diagnosing cystitis is a general urine test. In order for the interpretation of a urine test for cystitis to be as correct as possible, you need to know the algorithm for its collection and strictly follow it. One of the adults must collect material from the child for research. Instructions for collecting urine are as follows:

1. Before the procedure, you need to thoroughly wash the perineum with soap.
2. Prepare a sterile disposable container, preferably a pharmacy one.
3. You only need to submit your morning urine for testing. The first portion must be released, the middle portion must be collected in a container for analysis, and then the act of urination must be completed.
4. The day before the intended sample collection, it is recommended not to consume foods that can affect the color of urine, such as beets.
5. It is also recommended not to consume acidic foods during the day.
6. If a woman begins menstruation, the test should be postponed until it stops. If urgent research is necessary, urine collection is carried out with a catheter and is carried out only by medical personnel!

Rules for preparing for analysis

When taking tests for cystitis, it is very important to follow certain rules, which will allow you to avoid obtaining an unreliable result.

• Women are not recommended to collect urine during menstruation and for two days after its end. In particularly severe cases, when urgent treatment is necessary, urine can be collected using a catheter inserted into the urethra.
• The most informative is morning urine. However, before collecting it, you need to thoroughly wash the external genitalia with warm water and soap. To prevent bacteria from entering the vagina, the entrance must be covered with a tampon.
• To collect an average portion of urine, you need to slightly empty your bladder and collect the next portion in a sterile container. The remaining urine is also emptied into the toilet.
• On the eve of the test, you should avoid sour, spicy and salty foods. You should also avoid sexual contact, which can distort the analysis results.

The chemical composition of urine can also change under the influence of various medications, including painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, before taking the test, it is necessary to warn the doctor about this.

Laboratory indicators of urine analysis for cystitis

Before deciphering a urine test for cystitis, you need to know the norm. This laboratory method has several components, the totality of which gives an idea of ​​the presence of certain problems. A good urine test for a person who does not have cystitis looks like this:

• color characteristic - from straw to bright yellow;
• transparency – completely transparent;
• smell – neutral, mild;
• reaction (pH) – from slightly acidic (pH > 4) to slightly alkaline (pH <7);
• density – 1013-1023 g/l;
• protein fraction – not determined or not >0.33 g/l;
• erythrocytes – from 0 to 3 per p/zr;
• leukocytes - from 0 to 5 per p/z for women and from 0 to 2 per p/z for men;
• epithelial cells – up to 8-10 per cell;
• salts, cylinders, bacteria, fungi - not detected.

Smear microscopy for cystitis determines the presence of pathological changes. The color of urine changes from cloudy yellow to brown, its transparency decreases. There is an increased level of leukocytes - 50-100 per day, and sometimes more. If a biomaterial sample has a reddish tint, the number of red blood cells in it is not 100 p/z. In severe cases, bacteria that are released from the bladder can be identified under a microscope.

In addition to leukocytes and erythrocytes, salts of phosphorus, uric and oxalic acids may appear in the urine during cystitis. But most often this is due to the presence of sand or stones in the bladder. With proper treatment of the disease, urine analysis becomes good after a short time.

Tests for women during cystitis

Without a comprehensive examination of the patient – ​​complex diagnostics, it is impossible to correct the patient’s condition and select the correct treatment protocol. Therefore, tests for cystitis in women are an important step in the diagnostic search, allowing not only to accurately diagnose the disease, but also to determine its genesis (cause) and the stage of the clinical course.

Diagnosing cystitis is not difficult. Its symptoms are quite pronounced, characteristic of cystitis, which cannot be confused with either pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis.

The role of tests in medicine

Today, diagnostic laboratory tests are the most informative diagnostic technique in medicine. Indicators of laboratory examinations are the main criterion in choosing a treatment protocol for many diseases. Modern laboratory diagnostics allow a thorough assessment of health status and include several areas of diagnostic search:

1. Hematological and biochemical.
2. Immunological, cytological and molecular.

With their help, various unnatural processes in the structure of internal organs, infectious diseases, sexually transmitted diseases and hepatitis of various etiologies, hidden infections, among others, are identified. At the same time, only a specialist doctor can determine what tests are taken in a particular situation.

Laboratory indicators of urine are an important component in the diagnosis of urological pathologies (diseases of the kidneys and urethral tract), diseases of the digestive tract (stomach and intestines), heart and blood vessels, which are often asymptomatic. Urine is the result of kidney filtration. Its properties and composition are a reflection of the state of all organs and systems of the body. Therefore, analysis of its characteristics is very important in any diagnostic search.

A diagnostic blood test helps detect many pathologies in organs and systems at the earliest stages of disease development and shows the presence of inflammatory foci in the body even before the first pronounced signs. It is also an indispensable indicator of the effectiveness of the therapy.

Various blood test techniques help identify:

• immune and hormonal indicators of the patient;
• diagnose autoimmune diseases and endocrine disorders;
• the cause of disruptions in the menstrual cycle;
• causative factor of infertility in men and women;
• the presence of antibodies to infections and viruses in the blood.

The results of the diagnostic examinations obtained are very important during pregnancy. With their help, the development of various pathologies in the fetus and the female body in the very early stages of pregnancy is revealed, which makes it possible to eliminate them in a timely manner or make a decision to terminate it.

The doctor gives the patient a referral for the necessary tests; only he determines what tests need to be taken for certain health problems.

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Types of tests for cystitis

Laboratory tests are ordered by a urologist to confirm the disease. The standard diagnostic test for cystitis in women includes:

1. General clinical methods for studying blood and urine.
2. Study of urine using the Nechiporenko system.
3. Examination of urine for culture medium (tank culture).
4. Detection of vaginal pathogens (a smear is taken during a diagnostic examination by a gynecologist).
5. Biochemistry of blood.
6. Detection of certain antibodies to the pathogen in the blood structure.

The PRC analysis method is effective in identifying infectious agents, including those that cause sexually transmitted diseases, carried out by multiple magnification of their DNA fragments.

As additional methods in the diagnosis of cystitis, various rapid analysis tests can be used to exclude or confirm the presence of cystitis in an accelerated manner.

Instrumental diagnostic techniques - ultrasound and cystoscopy help to visualize various changes in the bladder organ, determine its main characteristics (shape, presence of damage and its size), and conduct an examination of its internal cavity.

Blood test

Blood tests for cystitis do not provide particularly valuable information. However, such studies are prescribed to determine hormonal levels if the endocrine genesis of the disease is suspected. An increase in hormones is usually found in various diseases of the thyroid gland, which can not only aggravate the clinical picture of cystitis, but also slow down the recovery and rehabilitation process.

A general analysis may reveal:

• inflammatory signs, which causes an increase in leukocyte levels in the urine;
• a large number of granulocytic cells (immature neutrophils);
• an increase in ESR, which indicates the onset of a pathological process and the reaction of the immune system to it in the form of an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

We recommend that you read:

• Cystometry.
• Cystography.
• How to recognize cystitis in yourself.

Urine examination

How to determine cystitis in urine tests will help the doctor with a detailed description of its physical, chemical properties and microscopic examination, which can manifest itself:

1. Hematuria – the presence of an increased number of red blood cells (normally they should not exceed more than 3 units in the field of view of the microscope).
2. Leukocyturia - an increase in leukocyte cells in urine (normally there should be no more than 6 units in the field of view).
3. Proteinuria – the presence of protein fractions in the urine structure.
4. Bacteriuria – the presence of bacterial cells in urine.
5. Turbidity of urine (normally it is transparent and light yellow in color).
6. The presence of epithelial cells of the bladder and ureters in the urine is a sure sign of inflammatory processes.
7. Other indicators, in the form of increased density and acidity of urine, increased levels of acetone (ketone bodies).

The infection is differentiated by bacteriological examination - by culture. During the study, an antibiogram is performed to identify the resistance of the pathogen to antimicrobial drugs, which makes it possible to prescribe targeted, more effective therapy for cystitis.

Urine analysis using Nechiporenko’s method

A more informative urine test for cystitis in women is carried out using the Nechiporenko method. Prescribed if it is necessary to clarify the diagnosis.

For the study, an average portion of urine is collected (10–30 ml is enough). This means that the patient begins to urinate into the toilet, interrupts the act and fills a sterile container, after which she continues urinating into the toilet.

The technique is based on the quantitative content of the main blood structures (leukocytes, erythrocytes, etc.) and various forms of epithelial casts in 1 ml of urine.

The norm is considered to be no more than 2 thousand leukocyte cells, up to 1,000 red blood cells and up to 20 units of cylinders in 1 ml of urine.

• An increased concentration of leukocyte cells in urine tests indicates the presence of foci of inflammation or infection in the genitourinary system.
• The presence of red blood cells immediately indicates pathology, since they simply should not be present in healthy urine. The leakage of red blood cells into the urine indicates the presence of damage to the urinary system.
• With cystitis, casts in the urine usually do not appear; an increased number of them can be an indicator of serious disorders in the structure of the kidney tissue.

Express diagnosis of cystitis

Modern methods of express diagnostics of cystitis include tests that very quickly give accurate results. They come in various types and are used in accordance with the assigned tasks of the diagnostic search:

1. Detection of protein fractions, white and red blood cells (leukocytes and erythrocytes) in urine.
2. Identification of enzymatic substances necessary in the fight against infection (diagnosis of elevated leukocyte esterase in the urine).
3. A diagnostic test using indicator strips that are sensitive to the presence of nitrates in urine, indicating the rapid proliferation of a bacterial infection in the urinary excretion system.

What contributes to distortion of analyzes

Surely both men and women have encountered false indicators in the interpretation of tests. This can occur if the rules of preparation for laboratory diagnostics are not followed and the material for it is collected incorrectly. These rules are simple:

Blood analysis for cystitis, especially biochemistry:

• is given on an empty stomach in the morning. At least 12 hours must have passed since the last meal;
• Before the upcoming examination, you should avoid: eating fatty foods, avoiding physical and emotional stress;
• Drinking alcohol and smoking is unacceptable;
• Avoid taking medications. If it is impossible to cancel the drug, notify the doctor about this;
• do not conduct an examination if the patient underwent an X-ray examination or underwent physiotherapeutic treatment the day before.

When collecting urine you should:

1. Carry out thorough intimate hygiene. Hygiene using soap with antiseptic and antibacterial effects is strictly prohibited.
2. Use only a sterile container to collect the sample. Long-term storage of the sample is not allowed. Within 24 hours, if the sample was stored at a temperature of at least 4 degrees, it must be delivered to the laboratory.
3. Urine is not collected in the evening; such a sample is not suitable, since pathogenic flora in it can rapidly multiply. Only fresh urine guarantees reliable results.

Comprehensive diagnostics are prescribed to patients for any suspicion of inflammatory processes in the bladder. The effectiveness and efficiency of treatment therapy depends entirely on strict adherence to all rules of preparation for diagnosis and compliance with all medical recommendations.

The role of a general blood test in the diagnosis of cystitis

Diagnosis of the disease must be comprehensive. A blood test is an additional method to confirm the disease. A general blood test for cystitis is taken to identify the level of inflammation in the body and has certain changes:

• with cystitis, leukocytosis is observed in the sample;
• the number of neutrophils increases;
• the erythrocyte sedimentation rate increases.
• when the inflammatory process is mild, the blood reaction changes moderately.

What kind of discharge occurs during cystitis in women and how to get rid of it?

Often, women discover suspicious marks on their underwear that have nothing to do with the natural process. In this case, discharge from cystitis in women can be accompanied by itching, pain and burning. They are observed from the vagina and urethra. Often the cause of vaginal mucus is a violation of its microflora.

An imbalance between harmful and beneficial bacteria causes vaginosis (vaginal dysbiosis) and colpitis (infectious inflammation of the vagina). Sometimes the appearance of mucus is caused by other factors that are not directly related to cystitis. An experienced specialist will help you find out the exact cause of their appearance.

Cystitis often occurs together with urethritis and affects the internal genital structures. In this case, discharge of various types may be observed from the urethra; they are provoked by an infection of the genitourinary organs.

Types of discharge with cystitis

Normally, traces of mucus in a woman should be transparent in color with a whitish tint without itching or burning, and there should be no unpleasant odor. The nature of the discharge depends on what caused the development of the disease.

Types of vaginal mucus with cystitis:

Green and yellow.

Most often caused by sexually transmitted infections.

Whitish with a “fishy” smell.

May indicate the presence of vaginosis.

Dark red.

This color indicates erosion of the cervix and damage to the ovaries.

Purulent.

Usually accompanied by itching and burning. May be caused by colpitis.

Particular attention should be paid to how the mucus smells. Vaginal candidiasis is accompanied by a sour odor, and a fetid and unpleasant odor indicates a purulent process that has developed against the background of a sexually transmitted infection.

Discharge from the urethra can be:

Transparent.

Such mucus is considered normal and may indicate minor inflammation of the urethral lining. Too much of it is associated with inflammation inside the urethra.

Brown.

They are a consequence of capillary damage or urinary tract ulcers. This color is caused by the addition of blood to the secretion of the mucous tract.

White.

Associated with fungal infection of the ureter.

Purulent.

They talk about infection of the urethra and bladder.

Bloody.

The presence of blood in the urine may indicate vascular damage. In this case, immediate treatment is required.

Discharge also occurs in men. Representatives of the stronger sex may experience pus from the urethra. In this case, the patient experiences itching and pain. This happens due to the development of urethritis against the background of cystitis. If the disease was caused by a sexually transmitted infection, bloody, whitish, purulent or mucous discharge with an odor is possible.

Bacteriological research

The study of microbes is detected by culture. To do this, the material is placed in a special environment and remains there under optimal conditions for the development of bacteria. Such culture makes it possible to identify pathogenic bacteria, their number and sensitivity to the use of drug treatment in the form of antimicrobial drugs, as well as antibiotics.

The quality of the bacteriological inoculation method depends on the correct collection of material and timely inoculation of it in a nutrient medium. No more than 2 hours should pass between urine collection and culture. In pregnant women, in addition to urine, samples from the nose and vagina are also taken. This diagnosis is good enough to ensure the birth of a healthy baby and maintain the health of the mother.

More on the topic: Why does it cut in the ureter?

Bacteriological culture reveals the presence in the body of Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, enterococci, E. coli infections, gonococci, salmonella, meningococci, Klebsiella microbes, and staphylococcal bacteria. All these microbes have different susceptibility to antibacterial drugs. After passing bacteriological culture tests, it is possible to identify a specific group of antibiotics that are most effective in the fight against diseases of the genitourinary system.

Urine as an indicator of cystitis

In order to determine the development of pathology from urine, it is important to conduct a number of studies. Changes in certain criteria will indicate the presence of pathology and will allow the therapeutic course to be adjusted. First of all, urologists pay attention to the following indicators:

• color. In case of inflammation, the test results indicate the presence of sediment, mucus or blood impurities;
• hemoglobin. Also indicates the presence of traces of blood;
• red blood cells. Deviation from the boundaries in this criterion indicates the development of inflammation;
• protein. An increase in the norm indicates inflammation of the bladder;

• glucose. Detection of glucose indicates a malfunction of the kidneys;
• acidity. In pathology, this criterion can vary significantly;
• density. Allows you to determine the productivity of the kidneys;
• urobilinogen. Its presence indicates the development of inflammation;
• bilirubin. Found in the urine of patients with cystitis.

Important! In order for the analysis to show reliable results, it must be administered correctly. If you don't know how to do this, ask your urologist. Before collecting urine, containers should be sterilized or thoroughly washed without using chemicals, or it is better to buy containers at a pharmacy.

Urine indicators

When diagnosing a disease, the doctor pays attention to changes in the main criteria. Their deviations from the boundaries can be either minor or very serious. When complications develop, changes affect most of the indicators.

Urine color for cystitis

The natural color of the liquid can range from straw yellow to deep yellow when dehydrated. As for cystitis, in this case it can acquire the following shades:

1. Pink or red - in the presence of blood impurities.
2. Cloudy yellow - if there is mucus or pus in the fluid.
3. Brown or brown - with the development of purulent inflammation.
4. Bright yellow - if the patient is taking uroseptics.

PCR diagnostics

Polymerase chain reaction is one of the best methods for diagnosing any disease. The method is highly accurate, but has specifics. PCR can detect a disease that occurs both in a chronic form and in a latent form.

The principle of the method is based on the detection of the genetic code of infection in the studied material. In order to conduct this study, it is necessary to use any human material - blood, smears, scrapings from the urethra or sinuses, serum, discharge from the urinary canal or vagina.

More on the topic: What does urine pH mean?

In cases of cystitis, PCR detects bacteria and sexually transmitted infections. The presence of chlamydia, gonococci, pale spirochetes, trichomonas and mycoplasmas can provoke an acute form of the disease. The accuracy of PCR reaches 95% and is done within 3 days. There is no way to speed up the analysis results.

If there is not enough data on cystoscopy and PCR to treat cystitis with medication, then an ultrasound of the bladder is prescribed. Ultrasound is an alternative to cystoscopy in acute cystitis, when the use of a cystoscope is strictly prohibited.

Can I treat myself at home if my urine is red?

Hematuria occurs for various reasons. To avoid serious complications, it is recommended to seek medical advice and qualified assistance. Often such cases are treated in a hospital. But, if this is not possible and other signs of cystitis are present, then you can and should provide yourself with first aid. It includes:

Medicines

To select medications correctly, you need to undergo a thorough examination and consult a urologist. As a rule, if the diagnosis is confirmed, he prescribes the following medications:

• antibiotics : Monural, Furagin, Nolitsin. The dosage and duration of the course are determined by the doctor individually.
• hemostatic and vascular strengthening : Dicynon, Etamsylate and other tablets or injections based on tranexamylic acid; Ascorutin, Vikasol, which contain vitamins C, K.
• antispasmodics . Baralgin, Diclofenac, etc. will help relieve pain. They are not used for exclusively therapeutic purposes, but play an auxiliary role.
• vitamins _ With such a dangerous disease, it is very important to strengthen the immune system both at the general and local level. The doctor prescribes taking useful elements in combination or separately, depending on the deficiency of certain vitamins.

Bed rest

During the treatment period, you need to give up heavy physical work, get more rest and take care of yourself. This is an important step on the path to recovery and recovery.

Frequent drinking

It is recommended to drink at least 1.5 liters of pure water, as well as infusions, herbal decoctions, natural juices, compotes, and fruit drinks. This will speed up the process of removing pathogenic microflora from the body due to frequent urination.

Diet

It is better to avoid spicy, smoked, fatty and fried foods. Such dishes can aggravate poor health. It is better to give preference to fresh vegetables, fruits, low-fat fish and poultry.

The color of urine in cystitis in women is one of the important criteria for determining the presence of complications and the general state of the inflammatory process. Moreover, the changes concern both its appearance and biochemical formula. Therefore, to make a correct diagnosis and prescribe effective treatment, doctors recommend that you undergo a general urine test. So, what kind of urine is a cause for concern and what should you pay attention to first.