Comprehensive liver examination in St. Petersburg at inexpensive prices

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of liver diseases among people of working age. Every year, more than one million people around the world fall ill with them, and the pathology is often discovered at a stage when it is not possible to cure it completely. A modern person does not always have time to visit a doctor and undergo a full, timely examination. That is why everyone needs to know how to check the liver at home quickly, this will allow the disease to be recognized at an early stage.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of liver diseases

Symptoms of liver disease

The main symptoms of liver disease are:

• weakness, malaise;
• muscle disease, especially in the right hypochondrium;
• skin rashes;
• dark urine, light stool;
• jaundice and intense itching;
• bitterness in the mouth.

But very often serious liver diseases are asymptomatic. One of them is liver cancer. In the early stages, liver cancer does not cause pain syndromes. The liver itself cannot hurt; it has no pain receptors. If a person begins to feel pain in the liver area, this indicates an advanced stage of cancer, when the liver enlarges and begins to put pressure on neighboring organs, causing pain.

For what clinical signs should you contact a urologist?

We have discussed above which doctors treat kidneys. Now it is necessary to determine the difference with which symptoms to contact which doctor.

You should consult a urologist if the following signs appear:

• pain in the projection of the kidneys, in the lower abdomen, in the groin area, in the genital area;
• the appearance of signs of renal colic;
• pain during urination, a feeling of fullness of the bladder with the inability to remove urine;
• urinary incontinence;
• puffiness under the eyes;
• pathological discharge from the urethra or signs of an infectious process;
• prostatitis, impotence, sexual impotence.

The urologist conducts an examination, collects a history of the patient’s life and illness, conducts differential diagnostics and prescribes treatment. In addition to drug treatment, a doctor of this specialization also practices surgical interventions. This is another difference between him and a nephrologist.

ALT and AST

The most important indicator to answer the question of whether everything is fine with your liver is ALT and AST. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase are tests for two liver enzymes. They are found in liver cells and participate in biochemical reactions. In an hour, our liver cleanses up to one hundred liters of blood. The liver does all this with the help of chemicals, including ALT and AST. When these enzymes are damaged for any reason, the contents of these cells are released and the levels of ALT and AST increase in the blood test. The normal level of bilirubin in the blood is 3.4-20.5 µmol/l. Bilirubin is a breakdown product of hemoglobin, which enters the liver, accumulates in the gallbladder and then, together with acids, is released into the duodenum. Bile plays an important role in the digestive process, helping to process fats that we absorb in food. When the bile ducts are damaged, when the outflow of bile is disrupted, bilirubin rushes into the blood and leads to jaundice. The total protein test measures the total levels of albumin and globulin in the liver. The level of albumin in the blood (normal 35-50 g/l) reflects the liver’s ability to synthesize proteins necessary for the human body. Albumin has two main functions: it maintains the osmotic pressure of the blood and prevents fluid from escaping from the bloodstream. On the other hand, it is a carrier protein, transporting electrolytes and other beneficial substances throughout the body. A decrease in albumin indicates serious liver damage or severe malnutrition.

Tumor marker for liver cancer

To find out if you are at risk for liver cancer, you need to get an alpha-fetoprotein test. This test is a marker for liver cancer. Especially such an examination should be done once a year for people at risk. These include patients who have suffered from chronic hepatitis, actively drink alcohol and have a poor family history of liver cancer.

Ultrasound

An important stage of liver examination is ultrasound. Ultrasound diagnostics allows you to determine the size of the liver and gallbladder. The method shows diffuse changes such as hepatosis, all types of pancreatitis, cirrhosis. For example, with hepatosis, inclusions of fat cells will be noticeable in the organ. Hepatocytes and fat have different densities, which means that the ultrasound image will look colorful. And as the disease progresses, liver cells will begin to be replaced by connective tissue, and ultrasound will show signs of fibrosis.

As for focal changes, examination of the liver using ultrasound will clearly show areas with increased density, which may be hemangioma, adenoma, metastases of a cancerous tumor, or calcifications. The method also clearly allows one to determine the reduced echogenicity of areas, which may indicate the presence of sarcoma, lymphoma, abscess or hematoma.

Having studied the data obtained, the doctor will not be able to make an accurate diagnosis, but he will determine the direction for further examination of the liver, excluding rejected options.

For the patient, such a study is completely painless. But little preparation will be required to prevent flatulence.

Risks

The main enemies of the liver are alcohol, fatty foods, hepatitis virus and medications. You should be especially wary of certain products. This is primarily margarine and anything made with it, since it contains high amounts of trans fats (a form of fatty acids that are not fully saturated with double bonds). Margarine destroys liver cells and causes fatty liver. People with weak livers should be wary of fructose and fructose syrup. They stimulate the release of insulin, which in turn provokes the formation of fat in the liver, which leads to inflammation in this organ. Research shows that inflammation of the liver cells very often leads to cirrhosis and then to liver cancer. If you value your liver, you should try to exclude foods containing monosodium glutamate from your diet. For example, all Chinese instant food and soy sauce contain this chemical preservative. This component is completely foreign to the liver, which removes toxins from the human body. Monosodium glutamate, passing through the liver cells, causes oxidative stress, and the cell walls begin to break down. Destroyed tissue is replaced by scars, which prevent the regeneration of new, healthy cells. This process is called cirrhosis of the liver. The enemy of the liver is carbonated water with sweeteners. Sweetener is toxic to this organ and causes fatty deposits, in the layers of which cancer cells form.

Biopsy

A biopsy makes it possible to determine the etiology of the disease, its stage and the level of organ damage. A piece of living tissue is taken for analysis and sent for histological (tissue), cytological (cellular) or

• puncture;
• aspiration with ultrasound control;
• transvenous;
• laparoscopic.

Preparation for a planned liver biopsy begins 7 days in advance. The patient must stop taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and warn about taking anticoagulants. For 5 days, exclude foods that increase gas formation from the diet. Start taking Espumisan 3 days before. The procedure is carried out on an empty stomach.

The main thing that the patient must understand is that if pain and unpleasant symptoms occur, you cannot delay contacting a doctor. It is necessary to conduct a liver examination. The attending physician must decide where to start, since he will need a complete picture of the condition of the organ. Remember, most problems can be cured if you seek help in a timely manner.

Liver cleansing foods

The liver also has helpers. Here are a few foods whose reasonable consumption will help make life easier for liver cells:

• Persimmons contain large amounts of sugar and fiber. The liver stores sugar in the form of glycogen - an energy material in reserve. And the coarse fibers of persimmon do not allow the absorption of up to 10-15% of fats and thereby reduce the toxic load on the liver.
• Daily consumption of garlic in small doses lowers cholesterol levels, which can interfere with the liver's ability to function. Garlic also stimulates the formation of certain enzymatic substances that help better cleanse the blood of toxic residues.
• Goji berries (barberry) help our body remove excess fat without accumulating it in the liver. In a situation of fatty liver disease, the substances contained in goji berries remove excess fat from the liver cells.
• Buckwheat contains a complex of plant substances that are also capable of removing fat from liver cells.
• Pumpkin contains carotene, which again helps to better absorb fatty foods, which means it makes life easier for the liver.
• Turmeric can act as a natural cleanser of liver cells, thereby stopping the process of scarring of liver tissue and stimulating the process of repair and new birth of healthy cells. It also does a good job as an antioxidant.

Cost of all comprehensive examinations

In what cases should I contact a nephrologist?

A nephrologist deals with the treatment, diagnosis and implementation of preventive measures for kidney diseases. You should contact a nephrologist in the following cases:

• painful syndrome in the projection of the kidneys;
• frequent urination;
• the appearance of pain and a feeling of stinging during urination;
• the appearance of swelling of the lower extremities and face;
• urine changes color or smell.

A nephrologist provides outpatient and inpatient treatment to patients. Compared to a urologist, he does not use surgical interventions in his therapy and deals only with the kidneys. This specialist does not deal with the urinary system and diseases of the genital organs.

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Diagnostics

At the first stage of diagnosis, a therapist is consulted . The specialist collects information about the patient’s general condition, his complaints, and the presence of concomitant diseases. Based on the data obtained, a referral to a “narrow” specialist is issued.

Which doctor checks the liver? A gastroenterologist is in charge of further examination . He refers the patient for a general blood test, urine test and additional instrumental studies. If there are no abnormalities in the digestive system, the person is referred to another specialist (hepatologist, surgeon, virologist or oncologist).

Which doctor should thoroughly examine the liver? It all depends on the clinical picture that appears. However, regardless of the symptoms, it is imperative to undergo an ultrasound. If structural changes are detected, a biopsy is performed to remove a section of tissue. The laboratory must check the origin of the changes or formation. Based on the data obtained, complex therapy is prescribed.